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انيماكورت حقنة شرجية 4 زجاجات
Budesonide
Unit price: 30.00 EGP
Specifications
Uses & Indications
Budesonide is a corticosteroid medication used to reduce inflammation. It is indicated for the treatment of various inflammatory conditions. Inhaled budesonide is used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nasal spray formulations are used to manage symptoms of allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, and to treat nasal polyps. Oral formulations (tablets, capsules, or suspensions) are primarily used for the induction of remission in mild to moderate active Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and for eosinophilic esophagitis.
How It Works
Budesonide works as a potent glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Upon binding to these receptors, it forms a complex that translocates to the cell nucleus, where it modulates gene expression. This leads to the inhibition of inflammatory mediator release (such as cytokines, chemokines, and eicosanoids), reduction in the number and activity of inflammatory cells (like eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes), and decreased vascular permeability. The overall effect is a reduction in inflammation and immune response in the affected tissues.
Dosage & Administration
spray
Adults: For allergic rhinitis: 64 mcg per nostril once daily, or 32 mcg per nostril twice daily. For nasal polyps: 64 mcg per nostril twice daily.
Children: For allergic rhinitis (6 years and older): 32 mcg per nostril once daily. For nasal polyps (6 years and older): 32 mcg per nostril twice daily.
syrup
Adults: For Eosinophilic Esophagitis (oral viscous slurry): 1 mg twice daily. The syrup form is typically an oral suspension, not a systemic syrup.
Children: For Eosinophilic Esophagitis (oral viscous slurry): 1 mg twice daily (dose may vary based on age and weight; consult physician).
tablet
Adults: For Crohn's disease: 9 mg once daily in the morning for up to 8 weeks. For Ulcerative Colitis: 9 mg once daily for up to 8 weeks.
Children: For Crohn's disease (8 years and older, weighing >25 kg): 9 mg once daily in the morning for up to 8 weeks. For Ulcerative Colitis: Consult physician for specific dosing recommendations.
inhaler
Adults: For asthma: Typically 200-400 mcg twice daily. Maximum recommended dose is 800 mcg twice daily. For COPD: 400 mcg twice daily.
Children: For asthma (6 years and older): Typically 100-200 mcg twice daily. Maximum recommended dose is 400 mcg twice daily. For nebulized suspension (e.g., for croup or severe asthma exacerbation): 0.5-1 mg once or twice daily, or 2 mg once daily, depending on severity and age.
injectable
Adults: Budesonide is not typically administered as a systemic injection. However, budesonide suspension for nebulization (often referred to in some contexts as an 'injectable' form due to its liquid nature for administration) is used for severe asthma exacerbations: 0.5-2 mg via nebulizer, 2-4 times daily.
Children: For croup: 2 mg single dose or 1 mg twice daily via nebulizer. For asthma exacerbation: 0.5-1 mg via nebulizer, 2-4 times daily.
Side Effects
- Oral candidiasis (thrush) (inhaled forms, approximately 5-10%)
- Throat irritation and cough (inhaled forms, approximately 3-9%)
- Hoarseness (inhaled forms, approximately 1-5%)
- Nasal irritation or dryness (nasal spray, approximately 1-10%)
- Epistaxis (nosebleed) (nasal spray, approximately 1-10%)
- Headache (oral forms, approximately 5-15%)
- Nausea and abdominal pain (oral forms, approximately 5-10%)
- Dyspepsia (oral forms, approximately 3-7%)
- Insomnia (oral forms, approximately 2-5%)
- Acne (oral forms, approximately 1-4%)
Serious Side Effects
- Adrenal suppression (especially with prolonged high-dose oral use or systemic absorption)
- Osteoporosis (long-term use, increased risk of fractures)
- Glaucoma or cataracts (long-term use)
- Growth retardation in children (long-term use)
- Severe allergic reactions (e.g., rash, hives, swelling of the face/lips/tongue, difficulty breathing)
- Paradoxical bronchospasm (rare, with inhaled forms)
- Increased susceptibility to infections
Contraindications
Budesonide is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to budesonide or any of its components. It should not be used for the primary treatment of status asthmaticus or other acute episodes of asthma or COPD requiring intensive measures. Nasal budesonide is contraindicated in patients with untreated localized infection involving the nasal mucosa.
Drug Interactions
Major drug interactions include strong inhibitors of cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzymes, such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, and grapefruit juice. These can significantly increase systemic exposure to budesonide, leading to an increased risk of systemic corticosteroid side effects. Conversely, CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, phenytoin, carbamazepine) can decrease budesonide levels, potentially reducing its efficacy. Patients should inform their doctor or pharmacist about all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications they are taking.
Pregnancy & Lactation
Category: B
For inhaled budesonide, pregnancy category is B. Studies in animals have shown some adverse effects, but well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities. It is generally considered one of the safer inhaled corticosteroids during pregnancy. For oral budesonide, the pregnancy category is C, as animal studies have shown adverse effects and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Use during pregnancy should only be considered if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Always consult your doctor.
Storage
Store budesonide products at room temperature, typically between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Protect from moisture, direct light, and excessive heat. Do not freeze. Keep all medications out of reach of children and pets. Ensure inhalers and nasal sprays are stored upright as per manufacturer instructions.
Clinical Tips
For inhaled budesonide, rinse your mouth thoroughly with water and spit it out after each use to help prevent oral candidiasis (thrush). Budesonide is a maintenance medication and should not be used for acute asthma attacks; a fast-acting bronchodilator is needed for rescue. Oral budesonide tablets/capsules are designed for targeted release in the intestines; do not crush, chew, or break them. Consistent, regular use as prescribed is crucial for optimal effectiveness. Always inform your healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are using to avoid potential interactions.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is budesonide used for?
Budesonide is a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation. It treats conditions like asthma, COPD, allergic rhinitis, nasal polyps, and inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
How long does it take for budesonide to work?
The onset of action varies by formulation and condition. For asthma, it may take several days to weeks to achieve full therapeutic effect. For nasal spray, improvement can be seen within a few days. Oral forms for IBD may show improvement within 2-4 weeks.
Can I stop taking budesonide suddenly?
For inhaled or nasal budesonide, sudden discontinuation is generally not problematic. However, for oral budesonide used systemically or for longer durations, sudden discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms due to adrenal suppression. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before stopping any medication.
What should I do if I miss a dose of budesonide?
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it is almost time for your next dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one.
Does budesonide cause weight gain?
Like other corticosteroids, budesonide can potentially cause weight gain, especially with oral forms or higher doses due to its systemic effects, such as increased appetite and fluid retention. Inhaled and nasal forms have less systemic absorption and are less likely to cause significant weight gain.
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Medical Disclaimer
The information provided is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist before starting or changing any medication.